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Economics: The Core

Summary:
The Economist reviews core ideas in economics. The introductory article points out that economists’ fundamental mission is not to forecast recessions but to explain how the world works. It argues that economists have delivered and it discusses six exemplary areas of economic research: Nash equilibrium; Mundell-Fleming trilemma; Minsky financial-instability; Stopper-Samuelson effect of trade on wages; Keynes fiscal-multiplier; and Akerlof’s and others’ work on information asymmetries. Refreshingly, the article argues that [t]hese breakthroughs are adverts not just for the value of economics, but also for three other things: theory, maths and outsiders. I agree. But the value of economics also derives from more elementary insights, related to, for example, budget and resource constraints; the information content of prices; public choice; or the link between monetary aggregates and the general price level. Today, these latter insights might appear even more trivial than those picked by The Economist. But they are central, and emphasizing them might lead to different policy conclusions than the common focus on economic frictions and aggregate demand. The first article covers information asymmetries.

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The Economist reviews core ideas in economics. The introductory article points out that

economists’ fundamental mission is not to forecast recessions but to explain how the world works.

It argues that economists have delivered and it discusses six exemplary areas of economic research:

  • Nash equilibrium;
  • Mundell-Fleming trilemma;
  • Minsky financial-instability;
  • Stopper-Samuelson effect of trade on wages;
  • Keynes fiscal-multiplier; and
  • Akerlof’s and others’ work on information asymmetries.

Refreshingly, the article argues that

[t]hese breakthroughs are adverts not just for the value of economics, but also for three other things: theory, maths and outsiders.

I agree. But the value of economics also derives from more elementary insights, related to, for example,

  • budget and resource constraints;
  • the information content of prices;
  • public choice; or
  • the link between monetary aggregates and the general price level.

Today, these latter insights might appear even more trivial than those picked by The Economist. But they are central, and emphasizing them might lead to different policy conclusions than the common focus on economic frictions and aggregate demand.

The first article covers information asymmetries.

Dirk Niepelt
Dirk Niepelt is Director of the Study Center Gerzensee and Professor at the University of Bern. A research fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR, London), CESifo (Munich) research network member and member of the macroeconomic committee of the Verein für Socialpolitik, he served on the board of the Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics and was an invited professor at the University of Lausanne as well as a visiting professor at the Institute for International Economic Studies (IIES) at Stockholm University.

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