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The birth of modern democracy in the heart of Europe

Summary:
The "Swiss Revolution" brought democracy to Switzerland. It was an uprising against the aristocracy – and the beginning of a long journey that the country could only complete with foreign help. On a spring day in 1798, Peter Ochs of Basel declared the birth of the Helvetic Republic from a balcony of the Aarau city hall. There was great rejoicing on the streets because this marked the liberation of the central territories from their Bernese masters. Two democratic innovations of the Helvetic Republic stand out, and they also influenced the emergence of other democracies: In 1799, the first assemblies of active male citizens were established. The second experiment concerned the first national referendum. It was introduced on the occasion of the 1802 revision of the constitution. The

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